Method of weaving fabric



H. M. JAMESON .METHOD OF WEAVING FABRIC Aug. 23, 1938.

Filed Dec. 16, 1935 WW. H. M. .Jl

. a I a Patented Aug. 23, 1938 PATENT OFFICE METHOD OF WEAVING FABRIC Herbert Mellor Jameson, Bridgnorth, England,

assignor of one-half to H. & M. Southweil Limited, Bridg'north, England, a British company Application December 16, 1935, Serial No. 54,577 In Great Britain December 21, 1934 2 Claims. (Cl. 139405) This invention has reference to improvements in fabrics and in the method of producing same in a Jacquard loom of the kind having a dual or divided form of jacquard mechanism, more particularly fabrics having a surface formed from warp and weft threads interwoven over a backing, which surface in the case of a pile fabric may constitute a patterned base having a patterned pile superimposed thereon, said fabrics '10 being suitable for example for upholstery, floor covering, curtains, or like furnishing purposes, or as dress material.

According to the present invention the method of weaving is characterized in that the lifting 1'5 and lowering of the chain warp threads of the backing are so controlled that one of a pair of face weft threads is inserted above the chain warp threads, and that the remaining weft threads are inserted between raised and lowered 20 chain warp threads, whereby the first-mentioned face weft thread is not bound down or restrained except by the face warp threads where these are raised by the jacquard mechanism, and is therefore initially adapted to float where such =9 face warp threads are not raised, and is furthermore free to be subsequently beaten up over the chain warp threads and over a face weft thread of the last preceding lash.

In the case of a fabric in which said surface 3. constitutes a patterned base upon which is superimposed a patterned pile, the method of weaving is further characterized in that the raising and lowering bothof the face warp threads for said patterned base and of pile warp threads 35 interwoven with said backing are controlled by the divided jacquard mechanism in such a manner that the patterned base and the superimposed patterned pile can be produced from the one card and by one cycle of operation of the jacquard mechanism, said face warp threads for the patterned base serving also to restrain the initially floating weft threads from floating up amongst the patterned pile.

In order that the invention may be clearly 45 understood and readily carried into practice,

reference may be had to the appended explanatory drawing, in which:

Figure l is a weaving diagram of a patterned pile fabric in which the whole of the weft threads 50 are inserted between raised and lowered chain warp threads, the view showing one longitudinal course through a part of the fabric where the pile is raised.

Figure 2 is a corresponding weaving diagram 55 of a patterned pile fabric according to the present invention, the view likewise showing one longitudinal course through a part of the fabric where the pile is raised.

Figure 3 is a corresponding weaving diagram of the patterned fabric according to the present 5 invention as illustrated in Figure 2, the view showing a longitudinal course through a part of the fabric where the pile is not raised.

In a fabric produced by the method of weaving illustrated in Figure 1, in which a base surface is formed from face warp threads a and b and face weft threadsc and d interwoven with chain warp threads g and h of a backing incorporating backing weft threads 1', either with or without pile warp threads e and 1 adapted to be raised as shown at c and f and in which the whole of the weft threads 0, d and 2' are inserted between raised and lowered chain warp threads, difficulty is experienced in covering and concealing the chain warp threads 0 and h by the face warp or face weft threads, as the warp threads are located alongside each other in the same plane, and the weft threads pass under the chain warp threads.

This difliculty is avoided in fabrics produced by the method of weaving according to the present invention, as illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 in which patterned base surface is formed upon a backing by interwoven warp threads (1 and b and weft threads 0 and d, and a patterned 3Q pile formed from pile warp threads e and f raised as shown at c and f is superimposed on this patterned base surface, the designs both of the patterned base surface and of the superimposed patterned pile being governed by the dual or divided form of jacquard mechanism hereinbefore referred to from the one card and by one cycle of operation of the jacquard mechanism, and the fabric being of a three-shot weave, with two weft threads 0 and d incorporated in the patterned base surface, and one weft thread i in the backing. The cams for working the usual gears which control the raising and lowering of the chain warp threads g and h of the backing are so arranged that the respective chain warp threads are not raised and lowered simultaneously, but that the raising of one chain warp thread g or 72 is effected subsequent to the lowering of the other chain warp thread it or g, the leg as illustrated being suf- 5 ficient to permit of the one shot at of weft for the patterned base surface being thrown in the interval between the lowering of one chain warp thread and the raising of the other chain warp thread, whilst permitting of the other shot 0 of weft for the patterned base surface being thrown, together with the slot i of weft for the backing, in the interval between the raising of this chain warp thread and its subsequent lowering prior to the raising of the other chain warp thread. This results in the shot 0 of weft thread for the patterned base surface being inserted, together with the backing weft thread 1', between the raised and lowered chain warp threads 9 and h, and in the other shot d of weft thread for the patterned base surface being inserted above the chain warp threads 9 and h, the weft thread it therefore having a floating or partially floating insertion, and since this weft thread d is over and not under the chain warp threads 9 and h, it is not restrained by them but remains free for the subsequent beat-up action of the sley, the floating or partially floating weft d for the patterned base surface being therefore caused to ride over the chain warp threads 9 and h and to be located as shown at (1 over the bound-down weft thread 0 last previously inserted, the chain warp threads g and It being thereby effectively covered and concealed.

It will moreover be appreciated that the dual or divided form of jacquard mechanism, having two lifting-board or grifie sections operating in synchronous relation in opposite directions, used in the production of a fabric characterized by the initially floating weft threads, enables a warp thread a or b of the patterned base surface to be conveniently raised in the same lash and in the same course or longitudinal row of the fabric as a pile warp thread e or thereby providing a means of restraining the initially floating weft threads from floating up amongst the tufts of the pile-patterned part of the fabric.

It will be appreciated that Figs. 2 and 3 are complementary in that Fig. 2 illustrates a longitudinal course through a part of the fabric where the pile is raised, whilst Fig. 3 illustrates a longitudinal course through a part of the fabric where the pile is not raised.

It will further be appreciated that the method of weaving illustrated more particularly with reference to Fig. 3, in which no raised pile appears, may be utilized in the production of plain or patterned fabrics having a flat surface without pile, but incorporating the feature of the initially floating weft as hereinbefore described.

I claim:

1. A method of weaving a fabric having a surface formed from face warp threads and face Weft threads interwoven over a backing, which method consists in raising the desired face warp threads by means of jacquard mechanism, in raising and lowering opposed series of chain warp threads of the backing non-simultaneously so that one series is raised subsequent to the lowering of the other series, in inserting one of a pair of face weft threads in each group of weft threads above lowered chain warp threads so as not to be bound down or restrained except by the face warp threads where these are raised by the jacquard mechanism and therefore so as to have initially a floating or partially floating in sertion, in inserting the remaining weft threads of each group between raised and lowered chain Warp threads, and in beating up said floating or partially floating weft thread over the chain warp threads and over a face weft thread of the last preceding lash.

2. A method of weaving, in a Jacquard loom of the kind having a dual or divided form of jacquard mechanism, a fabric of the type having a patterned base formed from interwoven face warp threads and face weft threads and having a patterned pile superimposed thereon over a backing, which method consists in raising and lowering both the face warp threads and the pile warp threads by means of the dual or divided jacquard mechanism in such a manner that the patterned base and the superimposed patterned pile can be produced from the one card and by one cycle of operation of the jacquard mechanism, in raising and lowering opposed series of chain warp threads of the backing nonsimultaneously so that one series is raised subsequent to the lowering of the other series, in inserting one of a pair of face weft threads in each group of weft threads above lowered chain warp threads and above lowered pile warp threads so as not to be bound down or restrained except by the face warp threads where these are raised by the jacquard mechanism and therefore so as to have initially a floating or partially floating insertion, in inserting the remaining weft threads of each group between raised and lowered chain warp threads, and in beating up said floating or partially floating weft thread over the chain warp threads and over a face weft thread of the last preceding lash, the face warp threads for the patterned base serving also to restrain said initially floating weft threads from floating up amongst the patterned pile.

HERBERT MELLOR JAMESON. 

